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The Repository pattern can be implemented in Django by creating separate modules to handle database operations for each model, instead of spreading database queries throughout the application. Here are the basic steps to implement the Repository pattern:
Create a separate
repositories
directory in your Django application.Create a
base.py
module in this directory that defines a base class for all repositories. This class should contain common methods that any repository can use.
from django.core.exceptions import ObjectDoesNotExist
class BaseRepository:
model = None # to be overridden by child classes
@classmethod
def get(cls, pk):
try:
return cls.model.objects.get(pk=pk)
except ObjectDoesNotExist:
return None
@classmethod
def create(cls, **kwargs):
return cls.model.objects.create(**kwargs)
@classmethod
def update(cls, instance, **kwargs):
for key, value in kwargs.items():
setattr(instance, key, value)
instance.save()
return instance
@classmethod
def delete(cls, instance):
instance.delete()
@classmethod
def all(cls):
return cls.model.objects.all()
- Create a separate module for each model that needs a repository. For example, if you have a
User
model, you'd create ausers.py
module within therepositories
directory.
from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
from .base import BaseRepository
class UserRepository(BaseRepository):
model = get_user_model()
- Use these repository classes in your views and other application code instead of calling model methods directly. For example, instead of calling
User.objects.all()
, you would callUserRepository.all()
.
from django.shortcuts import render
from .repositories.users import UserRepository
def list_users(request):
users = UserRepository.all()
return render(request, "users/list.html", {"users": users})
By using the Repository pattern, you can encapsulate database access in separate modules, make your code more modular, and decouple your application code from the details of the persistence layer.